Timely and targeted fiscal stimulus can add to aggregate demand in a way that supports private consumption during a critical phase. 通过在关键时期支持个人消费的方式,及时和有针对性的财政激励措施能够扩大总需求。
The existence of credit in no way increases aggregate consumption within this community, it merely temporarily alters the way consumption is distributed. 信用的存在并没有增加整个经济体内部的消费总量,它只不过暂时改变了消费分配。
Firewood consumption makes up 30 percent of aggregate timber consumption on the upper-middle reaches of Yangtze and Yellow rivers. 长江、黄河流域上中游地区薪柴消耗约占毁林的30%。
The only way for aggregate consumption to increase is for the production of candlesticks, steak, and bread to increase. 增加消费总量的唯一办法,就是生产更多的蜡烛、牛排和面包。
Top of the list are measures to rebalance aggregate demand, shifting the economy away from investment and exports towards domestic consumption. 在改革清单上占据最重要地位的是再平衡总需求,并使经济增长由投资和出口推动转向内需推动的措施。
Investment is one component of aggregate demand, along with domestic consumption and net exports. Cyclical fluctuations in any of the components can influence capacity utilisation and hence the growth rate in the short-run. 与国内消费和净出口一样,投资也是总需求的一个组成部分。这其中任何一个部分的周期性变动都会在短期内影响产能利用率,进而影响经济增长率。
Structural Analysis of Effects of Income Distribution on Aggregate Consumption 收入分配对总消费影响的结构分析&兼对中国城镇家庭的实证检验
The expansion effects of income redistribution on the aggregate demand of consumption of Chinese residents 收入再分配对我国居民总消费需求的扩张效应
We shall do so in order to focus on the aggregate production and consumption of nations. 我们将这样做,以便把注意力集中在各国的总生产和总消费上。
That is, the re-distribution of income can increase the aggregate consumption. 因此,实行缩小收入差距的收入再分配政策,能有效地提高我国居民的总体边际消费倾向,扩大总消费需求,从而刺激经济增长。
Therefore, to expand every group's consumption demand will lead to the expansion of the aggregate consumption demand. 因此,扩大消费需求的目标应通过扩大各收入群体的消费需求来实现。
Theoretical analysis shows that the development of capital market leads to the change of the aggregate demand including the consumer demand, affecting economic growth. This transmission process is referred to as "consumption mechanism of capital market on economic growth". 从理论上分析,资本市场的发展会导致包括消费需求在内的总需求的变化,进而作用于经济增长,这种传导过程称为资本市场作用于经济增长的消费需求机制。
The average ratio of influence of wealth effect on aggregate consumption is only 1.33%. 股市财富效应对消费的影响占总消费变动的平均比例仅为084%。
A second conclusion is that the fixed capital investment ( both in terms of aggregate fixed capital investment and growth rate) fluctuation is the main factor in incurring GDP fluctuation, while the total consumption has a "deflating" effect on GDP fluctuation. 无论从总量上还是增长率方面,固定资产投资增长波动是GDP波动的主要原因,消费需求增长对GDP波动有熨平效应。
The fast developing of the world herbicide market is described. The aggregate sales of it reached 139 hundred million US$, being 46.7% of the pesticide market, in 1994.The herbicide consumption to 8 crops, such as corn etc, was the most. 世界除草剂市场发展很快,1994年除草剂销售额达139亿美元,占农药市场的46.7%;
The volatilities in investment, government spending and net export are the procyclical components in the growth volatility, and the aggregate consumption is still stable during the business cycle. 从产出波动性的成分分解来看,产出波动性降低的主要原因源于投资波动性、政府支出波动性和净出口波动性的降低,而消费波动性继续保持平稳态势。
Shandong province has lagged behind other coastal provinces and cities in the aggregate consumption demand, consumption structure, level and circumstance, which limited the economic development. 山东省在消费需求总量、消费结构和消费水平、消费环境的建设等方面要远远落后于其他沿海省市,成为经济发展的软肋。
However, we find that the CAPM based on the preference for wealth cannot hold true when the pricing kernel consists of the aggregate consumption and aggregate wealth. 但是,当定价的基准是总消费和总财富时,基于财富偏好的资产定价模型不能成立。
The authors argue that demand is a function of income. Groups with different income have different levels of demand, which constitutes the aggregate consumption demand. 笔者认为,需求是收入的函数,收入不同的群体其需求水平也不同,而各收入群体的消费需求即构成总消费需求。
So, it directly influences the changes of the aggregate demand of the ecological footprint to the change of the coal consumption demand. 因此,可以说对煤炭消费需求的变化直接影响着生态足迹总需求的变化。
Variables involved include population and its natural growth rate, labor division, aggregate output ( investment, consumption and export), price, technology, institution and resource reserve. 模型中的变量包括人口及其自然增长率、分工与从事物质生产的劳动人员比例、经济总产出(投资、消费和出口)、价格、技术、制度、可利用资源总量。
Moreover, there is always a special situation that some nodes may have the same aggregate data in a dynamic tree-based data aggregation process, and so we can use the CC technology to reduce the energy consumption. 而在基于树的数据聚集的动态过程中,可能存在很多个节点的聚集数据相同,因此我们可以引入协作通信技术来减少其能量消耗。
After introducing the theoretical bases and the characteristics of credit card consumption, this paper studies the relationship between credit card consumption and economic growth based on the aggregate demand analysis model, which justifies the importance of credit card consumption on economic growth. 在介绍信用卡贷款的理论基础及自身特点的基础上,本文根据宏观经济学的总需求分析模式,研究了信用卡消费与经济增长的辩证关系,论证了信贷消费对于经济增长的重要性。